The genetics of drought and heat tolerance in bread wheat. Mar 29, 2016 work done in heat stress breeding wheat variety golden halna k0424 is a terminal heat tolerant variety developed by wheat breeder dr. Previous studies conducted in the past have proven that wheat growth and yield were negatively influenced by abnormal temperatures due to physiological disruption. Heat tolerance indicators in pakistani wheat triticum. Here, we present a study investigating the effect of heat stress on wheat production in 20. Heat stress can cause partial or total breakdown of anatomy, morphology, biochemistry and physiology of the crop. As a cool season crop, wheat has as an optimal daytime growing temperature during reproductive development of 15 c and for every degree celsius above this optimum a reduction in yield of 3%4% has been observed. The hs often accelerates rather than delays the onset of anthesis that means the reproductive phase will be initiated prior. Detection of qtls for heat tolerance in wheat measured by. Heat tolerance thus should be essential characteristic of wheat cultivars to be developed.
A total of 499 wheat genotypes were evaluated for heat tolerance by subjecting them to heat stress 35. Cold priming has been shown to enhance freezing tolerance in wheat. The association between the traits related to heat. Involvement of salicylic acid in cold priminginduced. Genomewide analysis of the hsp101clpb gene family for heat. Pdf heat tolerance of portuguese old bread wheat varieties. Research paper heat tolerance around flowering in wheat. Identification of wheat genotypes tolerant to the effects. Comparative physiological response of wheat genotypes under. Molecular and genetic bases of heat stress responses in crop plants. Ventnor, a heat tolerant white winter wheat with karl 92, a relatively heat susceptible hard red winter wheat. Consequently, development of heat tolerant cultivars is of major concern in wheat breeding programs. Baum abstract heat stress decreases photosynthesis, pollen viability, and grain number and weight and. These postflowering heat events significantly reduce wheat yields with a relatively greater impact on grain size than grain number.
Pdf breeding for heat tolerance in wheat nabin bhusal. Downscaling, heat stress, ideotype design, impact assessment, larswg weather generator, sirius wheat model. Identification of wheat genotypes tolerant to the effects of. Also oxidative stress either can be occurred due to decrease in free radicals. Over the past three decades 1980 2008, heat stress has caused a decrease of 5. Evaluation of spring wheat genotypes for heat tolerance using. During experimentation, 120 spring wheat genotypes were used for evaluating heat tolerance in open field normal and in tunnel heat. Pdf starch synthase activity and heat shock protein in. The hs often accelerates rather than delays the onset of anthesis that means the reproductive phase will be initiated prior to the accumulation of suicient resources 16. Psii core complex, and disruption of psiimediated electron transfer ristic et al. Qtl mapping of terminal heat tolerance in hexaploid wheat t. Stay green is a trait that has been used to indicate heat tolerance in hot environment acevedo et al.
Membrane thermostability and heat tolerance of spring wheat 1989 shanahan et al. Screening wheat parents of mapping population for heat and drought tolerance and detection of wheat genetic variation is the first step to identify suitable parents and aide to plant breeding programs by qtl mapping methods. Heat stress occurring during the reproductive stage of wheat has a detrimental effect on productivity. Drought and heat waves commonly cooccur in many wheatgrowing regions causing significant crop losses.
Evaluating genetic diversity for heat tolerance wheat genetic resources must be screened for identification of donor genotypes for heat tolerance traits. Plant phenotyping symposiu m organized by mssrf, chennai, session 1. Wheat growth can be impaired by heat stress at any developmental stage, and modeling scenarios predict even warmer temperatures in the future easterling and apps, 2005. Regular article heat tolerance of portuguese old bread wheat varieties p. Bari gom 26, and bari gom 28 possess good level of heat tolerance and can be sown up to middecember with moderate. Seedling length sl was measured to assess response of genotypes to heat stress. Rpcau, pusa, samastipur, bihar during rabi 201617 to evaluate the bread wheat triticum aestivum l. Selection for yield with heat tolerance is difficult in large breeding programmes with thousands of segregating lines. Heat tolerance evaluation of wheat triticum aestivum l. Pdf heat tolerance evaluation of wheat triticum aestivum l. A controlled environment study was conducted to assess the impact of postflowering heat shocks on wheat. Proceedings free fulltext increasing heat tolerance.
Heat stress hs in wheat cause poor seed germination, decrease in grain filling. Qtl mapping of terminal heat tolerance in hexaploid wheat. Unconventional splicing of wheat tabzip60 confers heat. To identify quantitative trait loci qtl for heat tolerance under terminal heat stress, a set of 148 recombinant inbred lines was developed by crossing a heat tolerant hexaploid wheat triticum aestivum l. Salicylic acid sa is an important signal molecule involved in plant responses to abiotic and biotic stresses. Hsp40 small hsps involved in refolding are set free by. Genes associated with terminal heat tolerance traits are a major focus area for defining future strategy to characterize heat tolerance in wheat. The worst impacts of rising temperatures will occur at low latitudes where. Cell membranes are the site for many biological activities of the plant and play a key role in heat. During experimentation, 120 spring wheat genotypes were used for evaluating heat tolerance in open field normal and in tunnel heat stress. Sep 19, 2018 wheat breeding nowadays must address producers and consumers desire.
Jul 09, 2019 heat tolerant varieties for durum wheat farmers in africa written on december 6, 2017. Physiological traits for improving heat tolerance in wheat. Pdf since the beginning of the century, ambient temperatures have increased and are. Wheat triticum aestivum represents about 30% of the worlds cereal area, with over 220 million ha cultivated worldwide, often under abiotic stress. According to the last fao report, a dramatic decrease in wheat production is expected in the next decades mainly due to the upcoming climate change. Effects of high temperature stress and traits associated with. A durum wheat core set was exposed to simulated terminal. Basics of cold tolerance and winter survival in winter wheat. From 10 daa to maturity, the treatments of optimum temperature or high temperature stress 3025c were imposed on the rils.
Improving heat tolerance in wheat is major goal for wheat breeder and morphophysiological traits in plants are affected by heat stress nachit et al. Terminal heat stress is a common abiotic factor for reducing the yield in certain areas of west asia and north africa ferrera et al. Freezing is one of the most damaging abiotic stress factors. Molecular approaches for designing heat tolerant wheat. Net photosynthetic rate throughout the crop cycle is a major parameter controlling biomass production and grain yield of wheat under high. Pdf is not rendering correctly, you can download the pdf file here. Capturing traits providing heat stress tolerance in wheat using precision phenotyping indu sharma and ratan tiwari dwr, karnal, haryana, india 3rd int. The results give insight into the strategies to improve heat tolerance by targeting one or some of the taclpb genes in wheat. C at the time of grain filling is one of the major causes of yield reduction in wheat in many parts of the world, especially in tropical countries. In order to map and characterize quantitative trait loci controlling heat tolerance, 144 recombinant. Improving wheat tolerance to heat and drought stress is of the utmost importance to maintain crop yield. In addition to the grain yield plant breeders should also include sod, pod, psr and msi as markers in the breeding program for development of heat tolerant wheat cultivars.
High temperature indexfor field evaluation of heat. Though, physiological and biochemical screening techniques, as a complement to empirical methods could increase selection efficiency, securing heat tolerance genes that may be lost during empirical selection reynolds et al. Heat tolerance was determined using triphenyltetrazolium chloride cell viability assay ttc, membrane thermostability mt and dry matter accumulation under chronic heat stress conditions. Pdf physiological traits for improving heat tolerance in.
Correlation study on some heat tolerant traits of spring wheat j. In this study, the effects of water and heat stress on wheat. Over expression of tabzip60s in arabidopsis enhances heat stress tolerance we identified the downstream targets of tabzip60s using chipqpcr strategy, which contribute to great biological importance to heat tolerance. Lower grain weight and altered grain quality result from heat. Seedlings of two wheat genotypes with contrasting phenotype for heat tolerance, heat susceptible chinese spring and heat tolerant tam107, were subjected to prolong and short heat treatments to study genomewide gene expression using microarray qin et al. Australian wheat belt, particularly southern australia. Novel alleles for combined drought and heat stress. Physiological traits for improving heat tolerance in wheat plant. Biplot yield analysis of heattolerant spring wheat genotypes. High temperature indexfor field evaluation of heat tolerance. A doubled haploid population was subsequently produced, with 368 lines. However breeding for heat tolerance is still in its early stages and needs more attention in future ortiz et al. During this period, the soil has a large heat capacity and decreases in soil temperature lag considerably behind decreases in air temperature. Therefore, heat tolerance in wheat is likely to become a key trait for increased yield potential and yield stability in southern europe in the future.
Development of few heat and droughtresistant wheat varieties by foremost. Update on improving heat tolerance in wheat physiological traits for improving heat tolerance in wheat1w c. In wheat, exposure to short episodes 25 d of hs 24 c at the reproductive. Using nongm molecular breeding techniques, icardas scientists developed a set of durum wheat varieties that can withstand up to 40c heat along the senegal river basin. However, modeling studies focused on spatial arrangements of crop rows may. The capacity of crop plants to overcome temperature stress has been. We crossed kukri, a locally developed bread wheat cultivar intolerant of drought and heat, with rac875, a locally adapted breeding line, tolerant of the two stresses. The identification of the processes which are triggered by heat stress and how thermotolerance develops in wheat is an active research topic. The ril population received a 2day shortterm high temperature stress at 38c at 10dap in 2008 and a longterm high temperature stress at 38c from 10dap until maturity in 2009 in the greenhouse. High temperature stress reduces grain number, photosynthetic activity, chlorophyll. Improvement of heat tolerance in wheat is an important breeding objective. Screening wheat parents of mapping population for heat and. Considering the scenario, breeding wheat genotypes for heat tolerance both early and terminal becomes one of the prime objectives in wheat improvement programme misra and varghese, 2011. Understanding the means by which crop plants like wheat can tolerate heat would lay the foundation for work to develop plants with improved heat tolerance.
Heat stress during grain filling is a major constraint to wheat triticum aestivum l. Capturing traits providing heat stress tolerance in wheat. Managing heat stress in wheat mallee sustainable farming. High temperature indexfor field evaluation of heat tolerance in wheat varieties. Heat stress is a major limitation to wheat triticum aestivum l. To determine the range of genetic variability for heat tolerance in 56 spring wheat lines. Observations were recorded on sixteen characters in relation to terminal heat conditions to identify the tolerant genotypes. Screening wheat germplasm for heat tolerance at terminal. Pdf physiological and molecular aspects of heat tolerance. But in pearl millet, female reproductive parts was found more heat sensitive than male 21 as the stigma protrudes out of the lorets. Evaluation of spring wheat genotypes for heat tolerance. Heat tolerance for yield and its components in different wheat cultivars 1991 shpiler and blum 6.
Sep 01, 2018 tabzip60 splicing occurs in wheat under heat stress condition. Significant variation was seen among cultivars in the reduction in grain weight per ear rgw, kernel number, and single kernel. Development of few heat and drought resistant wheat varieties by foremost. It has tolerance up to 36 c with yield potential of 4045 quintal ha. Under a free crop choice, the wheat area would exceed half a million hectares at optimum.
Pdf breeding for heat tolerance in wheat sindhu sareen. Physiological responses of wheat crop to terminal heat stress have been found to. A diverse set of 45 wheat genotypes was exposed to 10 hr of 40c on each of three consecutive days in a phytotron. The impact of heat stress during early and late grain filling on the four major grain characteristics, thousand grain weight tgw, grain length. Wheat growth can be impaired by heat stress hs at any developmental. Gaining an understanding of the effects of heat stress on wheat, the economic impacts and understanding varietal responses to heat are the primary objectives of this sagit funded project. Overexpression of wheat ferritin gene tafer5b enhances. Land should be prepared by country plough, power tiller 2wheel tractor or 4wheel tractor if the land is at optimum zoe. Biplot yield analysis of heattolerant spring wheat genotypes triticum.
In soybean under hs, the nutritional value of total free amino acids was. The frequency of heat shocks during grain filling of wheat crops across the australian wheatbelt has significantly increased over the last 30 years. Wheat in heatstressed environments cimmyt repository. Mishra and others published breeding for heat tolerance in wheat find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Under high temperature, free proline is involved in os. During recent years, many qtls with significant effect on heat tolerance. Heat and drought stresses in wheat triticum aestivum l.
Diversity and genetic studies of heat tolerance in wheat. The tolerance of wheat to high temperature during reproductive growth. The present study was performed to find out the possible effects of heat tolerance on wheat genotypes. This study evaluated the genetic variability of wheat using two assays of heat tolerance, and estimated their heritability by parent. One of the most common responses of crop plants to high temperature stress is an increase in proline accumulation ahmed and hasan 2011. Wheat is a basic staple food in many countries all over the world. Pdf wheat is a major cereal crop and considered as source of basic calories and protein for. We need to understand how heat tolerance can be improved and how crops respond to prominent temperatures for the new crop varieties to the future climate halford 2009. Plant cold tolerance is at a maximum and low temperature damage to winter wheat is improbable. Germplasm evaluation of heat tolerance in bread wheat in. This study was performed to evaluate the relationship between stem reserves as a constitutive trait and of thermotolerance to sustained wheat grain filling under heat stress.
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